Pottapaug1938 wrote:If I recall correctly, the "jizya" was essentially a social welfare tax imposed so that non-Muslims could enjoy the same legal protections as Muslims who paid for the same social protections through their mosque.
Were it that simple. The
jizya was employed as not only a tax against infidels, but was seen by Muslims as establishing the vailidty of their religious and civil authority over those areas where they conquered. Thus, the
jizya was employed as a tool to humiliate and to reduce the appearance of these conquered people to being servants of the Islamic government. Muslim authority viewed the
jizya as a tool to encourage conversions, the goal being that it would be a temporary tax until these subjects converted to Islam. To that end, when conversions didn't happen fast enough, the
jizya rate continued to increase in practice over the years; before it disappeared in the 1800's, non-Muslims were being taxed at twice the rate the Muslims were paying through other venues, in many areas where there were Islamic governments. This alone should show that the
jizya was in essence a tribute, and not simply another form of equal taxation.
After the Crusades, I recall that quite a few Christians who were sick of their bloodthirsty co-religionists, preferred to pay the tax and live under Muslim rule. Of course, the Islamists of today are much less tolerant and much more oppressive than their Ottoman antecedents
Yes, I am sure the citizens of Constantinople in 1453 were quite happy when Mehmed II of the Ottoman empire captured their city in 1453, killed their emperor, allowed the city be sacked for 3 days, with widespread slaughter and rape of the populace, and then allowing his troops to enslave another 30,000 - 50,000 people who were forcibly taken from their homes and dispersed across Asia Minor and the Balkans. At that point Mehmed II showed his tolerance and stopped the looting and pillaging, but of course then appropriated the largest Eastern Orthodox church and had it turned into a mosque.